Amine oxidases (AO) [1] are enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of a wide
range of biogenic amines including many neurotransmitters, histamine and
xenobiotic amines. There are two classes of amine oxidases: flavin-containing
(EC 1.4.3.4) and copper-containing (EC 1.4.3.6).
Copper-containing AO is found in bacteria, fungi, plants and animals, it is an
homodimeric enzyme that binds one copper ion per subunit as well as a 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine quinone (or topaquinone) (TPQ) cofactor. This cofactor
is derived from a tyrosine residue.
We have derived two signature patterns for copper AO, the first one contains
the tyrosine which give rises to the TPQ cofactor while the second one
contains one of the three histidines that bind the copper atom [2].
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