Species code:	PROMM
Taxonomy:	Bacteria; Cyanobacteria; Prochlorales; Prochlorococcaceae; Prochlorococcus (TaxID: 74547) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description:	Prochlorococcus, a fairly recently discovered cyanobacterium (1988), is the smallest known free-living photosynthetic prokaryote. Despite its small size it contributes significantly to global nutrient cycling. It is unique among cyanobacteria in using divinyl chlorophyll a and b as the major light-harvesting pigments, and harvests light with chlorophyll-binding antenna proteins (Pcb proteins) instead of the phycobilisomes used by most cyanobacteria. It is found in low- to mid-latitude oceans and seas, thriving in nutrient-poor waters and at greater depths than its close relative Synechococcus (down to 135m for Prochlorococcus, but only 95m for Synechococcus). Prochlorococcus can be differentiated into low-light (LL) and high-light (HL)-adapted ecotypes that have different physiologies and exist at different depths. Comparison of 12 whole genomes suggests the core genome contains about 1250 genes, while the pan-genome will have more than 5800 genes. This LL-adapted strain was isolated at a depth of 135m from the Gulf Stream in July 1992. It has a chlorophyll b/a ratio of 0.91 and belongs to high chlorophyll b/a clade IV.
Properties:	Presence of flagella: No Interaction: No Number of membranes: 2 Number of inteins:0
Statistics:	Number of PROMM entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 2256 (376 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 1880 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

Genome structure:	Chromosome EMBL accession number BX548175 (circular; 2,410,873 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews).
Reference(s):	[1] MEDLINE=22825698; PubMed=12917642; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ] Rocap G., Larimer F.W., Lamerdin J.E., Malfatti S., Chain P., Ahlgren N.A., Arellano A., Coleman M., Hauser L., Hess W.R., Johnson Z.I., Land M.L., Lindell D., Post A.F., Regala W., Shah M., Shaw S.L., Steglich C., Sullivan M.B., Ting C.S., Tolonen A., Webb E.A., Zinser E.R., Chisholm S.W. ; "Genome divergence in two Prochlorococcus ecotypes reflects oceanic niche differentiation."; Nature 424:1042-1047(2003).
Web links:	Official genome site(s): http://genome.jgi-psf.org/finished_microbes/prom9/prom9.home.html http://web.mit.edu/chisholm/www/genomes/ Other web sites: CBS: http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/GenomeAtlas/show-genus.php?kingdom=Bacteria&GLgenus=Prochlorococcus&GLspecies=marinus&GLstrain=MIT9313 CyanoBase: http://bacteria.kazusa.or.jp/cyanobase/MIT9313/index.html Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=txid74547%5Borgn%5D GIB (DDJB): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Pmar_MIT9313 Karyn's Genomes: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/2can/genomes/bacteria/Prochlorococcus_marinus.html PEDANT: http://pedant.gsf.de:3345/pedant3htmlview/pedant3view?Method=start_method&Db=p3_p220_Pro_marin TIGR CMR: http://cmr.tigr.org/tigr-scripts/CMR/GenomePage.cgi?database=ntpm04  EBI Proteome Analysis page

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