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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry P42574


[Entry info] [Name and origin] [References] [Comments] [Cross-references] [Keywords] [Features] [Sequence] [Tools]

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Entry information
Entry name CASP3_HUMAN
Primary accession number P42574
Secondary accession numbers Q96AN1 Q96KP2
Integrated into Swiss-Prot on November 1, 1995
Sequence was last modified on October 11, 2005 (Sequence version 2)
Annotations were last modified on    September 2, 2008 (Entry version 108)
Name and origin of the protein
Protein name Caspase-3 [Precursor]
Synonyms CASP-3
EC 3.4.22.56
Apopain
Cysteine protease CPP32
CPP-32
Yama protein
SREBP cleavage activity 1
SCA-1
Contains Caspase-3 subunit p17
Caspase-3 subunit p12
Gene name
Name: CASP3
Synonyms: CPP32
From
Homo sapiens (Human) [TaxID: 9606] 
Taxonomy Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
Protein existence 1: Evidence at protein level;
References
[1]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND VARIANT ASP-190.
TISSUE=T-cell;
PubMed=7983002 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Fernandes-Alnemri T., Litwack G., Alnemri E.S.;
"CPP32, a novel human apoptotic protein with homology to Caenorhabditis elegans cell death protein Ced-3 and mammalian interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme.";
J. Biol. Chem. 269:30761-30764(1994).
[2]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
DOI=10.1016/0092-8674(95)90541-3; PubMed=7774019 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Tewari M., Quan L.T., O'Rourke K., Desnoyers S., Zeng Z., Beidler D.R., Poirier G.G., Salvesen G.S., Dixit V.M.;
"Yama/CPP32 beta, a mammalian homolog of CED-3, is a CrmA-inhibitable protease that cleaves the death substrate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase.";
Cell 81:801-809(1995).
[3]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND VARIANT ASP-190.
DOI=10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.02.021; PubMed=15003516 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Pelletier M., Cartron P.F., Delaval F., Meflah K., Vallette F.M., Oliver L.;
"Caspase 3 activation is controlled by a sequence located in the N-terminus of its large subunit.";
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 316:93-99(2004).
[4]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
Rieder M.J., Livingston R.J., Daniels M.R., Montoya M.A., Chung M.-W., Miyamoto K.E., Nguyen C.P., Nguyen D.A., Poel C.L., Robertson P.D., Schackwitz W.S., Sherwood J.K., Witrak L.A., Nickerson D.A.;
"NIEHS-SNPs, environmental genome project, NIEHS ES15478, Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA (URL: http://egp.gs.washington.edu).";
Submitted (JAN-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[5]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
TISSUE=Lymph;
DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; PubMed=15489334 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
The MGC Project Team;
"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
[6]
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 29-46 AND 175-193, FUNCTION, AND VARIANT ASP-190.
DOI=10.1038/376037a0; PubMed=7596430 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Nicholson D.W., Ali A., Thornberry N.A., Vaillancourt J.P., Ding C.K., Gallant M., Gareau Y., Griffin P.R., Labelle M., Lazebnik Y.A., Munday N.A., Raju S.M., Smulson M.E., Yamin T.-T., Li V.L., Miller D.K.;
"Identification and inhibition of the ICE/CED-3 protease necessary for mammalian apoptosis.";
Nature 376:37-43(1995).
[7]
PROTEOLYTIC PROCESSING.
DOI=10.1073/pnas.93.15.7464; PubMed=8755496 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Fernandes-Alnemri T., Armstrong R.C., Krebs J.F., Srinivasula S.M., Wang L., Bullrich F., Fritz L.C., Trapani J.A., Tomaselli K.J., Litwack G., Alnemri E.S.;
"In vitro activation of CPP32 and Mch3 by Mch4, a novel human apoptotic cysteine protease containing two FADD-like domains.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93:7464-7469(1996).
[8]
CLEAVAGE OF HUNTINGTIN.
DOI=10.1038/ng0896-442; PubMed=8696339 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Goldberg Y.P., Nicholson D.W., Rasper D.M., Kalchman M.A., Koide H.B., Graham R.K., Bromm M., Kazemi-Esfarjani P., Thornberry N.A., Vaillancourt J.P., Hayden M.R.;
"Cleavage of huntingtin by apopain, a proapoptotic cysteine protease, is modulated by the polyglutamine tract.";
Nat. Genet. 13:442-449(1996).
[9]
S-NITROSYLATION.
DOI=10.1126/science.284.5414.651; PubMed=10213689 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Mannick J.B., Hausladen A., Liu L., Hess D.T., Zeng M., Miao Q.X., Kane L.S., Gow A.J., Stamler J.S.;
"Fas-induced caspase denitrosylation.";
Science 284:651-654(1999).
[10]
X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.5 ANGSTROMS) OF 28-277.
DOI=10.1038/nsb0796-619; PubMed=8673606 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Rotonda J., Nicholson D.W., Fazil K.M., Gallant M., Gareau Y., Labelle M., Peterson E.P., Rasper D.M., Ruel R., Vaillancourt J.P., Thornberry N.A., Becker J.W.;
"The three-dimensional structure of apopain/CPP32, a key mediator of apoptosis.";
Nat. Struct. Biol. 3:619-625(1996).
[11]
X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.3 ANGSTROMS) OF 35-173 AND 185-277.
DOI=10.1074/jbc.272.10.6539; PubMed=9045680 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Mittl P.R.E., di Marco S., Krebs J.F., Bai X., Karanewsky D.S., Priestle J.P., Tomaselli K.J., Gruetter M.G.;
"Structure of recombinant human CPP32 in complex with the tetrapeptide acetyl-Asp-Val-Ala-Asp fluoromethyl ketone.";
J. Biol. Chem. 272:6539-6547(1997).
[12]
X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.8 ANGSTROMS).
DOI=10.1074/jbc.275.21.16007; PubMed=10821855 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Lee D., Long S.A., Adams J.L., Chan G., Vaidya K.S., Francis T.A., Kikly K., Winkler J.D., Sung C.-M., Debouck C., Richardson S., Levy M.A., DeWolf W.E. Jr., Keller P.M., Tomaszek T., Head M.S., Ryan M.D., Haltiwanger R.C., Liang P.-H., Janson C.A., McDevitt P.J., Johanson K., Concha N.O., Chan W., Abdel-Meguid S.S., Badger A.M., Lark M.W., Nadeau D.P., Suva L.J., Gowen M., Nuttall M.E.;
"Potent and selective nonpeptide inhibitors of caspases 3 and 7 inhibit apoptosis and maintain cell functionality.";
J. Biol. Chem. 275:16007-16014(2000).
Comments
  • FUNCTION: Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. At the onset of apoptosis it proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) at a '216-Asp-|-Gly-217' bond. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) between the basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper domain and the membrane attachment domain. Cleaves and activates caspase-6, -7 and -9. Involved in the cleavage of huntingtin.
  • CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Strict requirement for an Asp residue at positions P1 and P4. It has a preferred cleavage sequence of Asp-Xaa-Xaa-Asp-|- with a hydrophobic amino-acid residue at P2 and a hydrophilic amino-acid residue at P3, although Val or Ala are also accepted at this position.
  • ENZYME REGULATION: Inhibited by isatin sulfonamides.
  • SUBUNIT: Heterotetramer that consists of two anti-parallel arranged heterodimers, each one formed by a 17 kDa (p17) and a 12 kDa (p12) subunit.
  • INTERACTION:
    Q13490:BIRC2; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-524064, EBI-514538;
    Q96CA5:BIRC7; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-524064, EBI-517623;
    Q9BYP7:WNK3; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-524064, EBI-1182602;
  • SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.
  • TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Highly expressed in lung, spleen, heart, liver and kidney. Moderate levels in brain and skeletal muscle, and low in testis. Also found in many cell lines, highest expression in cells of the immune system.
  • PTM: Cleavage by granzyme B, caspase-6, caspase-8 and caspase-10 generates the two active subunits. Additional processing of the propeptides is likely due to the autocatalytic activity of the activated protease. Active heterodimers between the small subunit of caspase-7 protease and the large subunit of caspase-3 also occur and vice versa.
  • PTM: S-nitrosylated on its catalytic site cysteine in unstimulated human cell lines and denitrosylated upon activation of the Fas apoptotic pathway, associated with an increase in intracellular caspase activity. Fas therefore activates caspase-3 not only by inducing the cleavage of the caspase zymogen to its active subunits, but also by stimulating the denitrosylation of its active site thiol.
  • SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase C14 family [view classification].
Copyright
Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see http://www.uniprot.org/terms. Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License.
Cross-references
Sequence databases
EMBL
U13737; AAA65015.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
U13738; AAB60355.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
U26943; AAA74929.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AJ413269; CAC88866.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AY219866; AAO25654.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BC016926; AAH16926.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
PIR A55315; A55315.
RefSeq NP_004337.2; -.
NP_116786.1; -.
UniGene Hs.141125
3D structure databases
PDB
1CP3; X-ray; 2.30 A; A/B=1-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1GFW; X-ray; 2.80 A; A=29-175, B=181-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1I3O; X-ray; 2.70 A; A/C=1-175, B/D=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1NME; X-ray; 1.60 A; A=29-174, B=186-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1NMQ; X-ray; 2.40 A; A/B=29-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1NMS; X-ray; 1.70 A; A/B=29-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1PAU; X-ray; 2.50 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1QX3; X-ray; 1.90 A; A=29-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1RE1; X-ray; 2.50 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1RHJ; X-ray; 2.20 A; A/C=29-175, B/D=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1RHK; X-ray; 2.50 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1RHM; X-ray; 2.50 A; A/C=29-175, B/D=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1RHQ; X-ray; 3.00 A; A/D=29-175, B/E=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1RHR; X-ray; 3.00 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1RHU; X-ray; 2.51 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2C1E; X-ray; 1.77 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2C2K; X-ray; 1.87 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2C2M; X-ray; 1.94 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2C2O; X-ray; 2.45 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2CDR; X-ray; 1.70 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2CJX; X-ray; 1.70 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2CJY; X-ray; 1.67 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2CNK; X-ray; 1.75 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2CNL; X-ray; 1.67 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2CNN; X-ray; 1.70 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2CNO; X-ray; 1.95 A; A=29-175, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2DKO; X-ray; 1.06 A; A=29-174, B=176-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2H5I; X-ray; 1.69 A; A=29-174, B=184-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2H5J; X-ray; 2.00 A; A/C=29-174, B/D=184-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2H65; X-ray; 2.30 A; A/C=29-174, B/D=184-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2J30; X-ray; 1.40 A; A=29-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2J31; X-ray; 1.50 A; A=29-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2J32; X-ray; 1.30 A; A=29-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2J33; X-ray; 2.00 A; A=29-277.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
Detailed list of linked structures.
PDBsum 1CP3; -.
1GFW; -.
1I3O; -.
1NME; -.
1NMQ; -.
1NMS; -.
1PAU; -.
1QX3; -.
1RE1; -.
1RHJ; -.
1RHK; -.
1RHM; -.
1RHQ; -.
1RHR; -.
1RHU; -.
2C1E; -.
2C2K; -.
2C2M; -.
2C2O; -.
2CDR; -.
2CJX; -.
2CJY; -.
2CNK; -.
2CNL; -.
2CNN; -.
2CNO; -.
2DKO; -.
2H5I; -.
2H5J; -.
2H65; -.
2J30; -.
2J31; -.
2J32; -.
2J33; -.
ModBase P42574.
Protein-protein interaction databases
DIP DIP:268N; -.
DIP:434N; -.
IntAct P42574; -.
Protein family/group databases
MEROPS C14.003; -.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite P42574; -.
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactome REACT_578; Apoptosis.
Polymorphism databases
NIEHS-SNPs CASP3.
2D gel databases
OGP P42574; -.
Organism-specific databases
H-InvDB HIX0004672; -.
HGNC HGNC:1504; CASP3.
GenAtlas CASP3.
HPA CAB000091; -.
CAB008381; -.
HPA002643; -.
MIM 600636; gene. [NCBI / EBI]
PharmGKB PA26087; -.
GeneCards P42574.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress P42574; -.
CleanEx HS_CASP3; -.
GermOnline ENSG00000164305; Homo sapiens.
Ontologies
GO
GO:0005829; Cellular component: cytosol (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
GO:0005654; Cellular component: nucleoplasm (inferred from experiment from Reactome).
GO:0005886; Cellular component: plasma membrane (inferred from experiment from Reactome).
GO:0030693; Molecular function: caspase activity (traceable author statement from ProtInc).
GO:0005515; Molecular function: protein binding (inferred from physical interaction from UniProtKB).
GO:0006917; Biological process: induction of apoptosis (traceable author statement from ProtInc).
GO:0030264; Biological process: nuclear fragmentation during apoptosis (inferred from mutant phenotype from HGNC).
GO:0006508; Biological process: proteolysis (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
QuickGo view.
Family and domain databases
InterPro IPR015470; Casp3_like.
IPR011600; Pept_C14_cat.
IPR001309; Pept_C14_ICE_p20.
IPR016129; Pept_C14_ICE_p20_AS.
IPR002138; Pept_C14_p10.
IPR002398; Pept_C14_p45.
IPR015917; Pept_C14_p45_core.
Graphical view of domain structure.
PANTHER PTHR10454:SF30; Casp3_like; 1.
PTHR10454; Pept_C14_p45; 1.
Pfam PF00656; Peptidase_C14; 1.
Pfam graphical view of domain structure.
PRINTS PR00376; IL1BCENZYME.
SMART SM00115; CASc; 1.
SMART graphical view of domain structure.
PROSITE PS01122; CASPASE_CYS; 1.
PS01121; CASPASE_HIS; 1.
PS50207; CASPASE_P10; 1.
PS50208; CASPASE_P20; 1.
PROSITE graphical view of domain structure (profiles).
BLOCKS P42574.
Proteomic databases
PeptideAtlas P42574; -.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl ENSG00000164305; Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID 836; -.
KEGG hsa:836; -.
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM P42574; -.
HOVERGEN P42574; -.
Other
BindingDB P42574; -.
DrugBank DB01065; Melatonin.
DB01017; Minocycline.
DB00641; Simvastatin.
LinkHub P42574; -.
SOURCE CASP3; Homo sapiens.
ProtoNet P42574.
UniRef View cluster of proteins with at least 50% / 90% / 100% identity.
Keywords
3D-structure; Apoptosis; Cytoplasm; Direct protein sequencing; Hydrolase; Phosphoprotein; Polymorphism; Protease; S-nitrosylation; Thiol protease; Zymogen.
Features
SEVIEWER logo Feature table viewer FT aligner logo Feature aligner
KeyFrom   To Length Description FTId
PROPEP   1     9  9      PRO_0000004569
PROPEP   10    28  19      PRO_0000004570
CHAIN   29   175  147     Caspase-3 subunit p17. PRO_0000004571
CHAIN   176   277  102     Caspase-3 subunit p12. PRO_0000004572
ACT_SITE   121   121        By similarity. 
ACT_SITE   163   163        By similarity. 
MOD_RES   26    26        Phosphoserine (By similarity). 
MOD_RES   163   163        S-nitrosocysteine; in inhibited form. 
VARIANT   190   190  1     E -> D. VAR_001401 
CONFLICT   31    36        ISLDNS -> MSWDTG (in Ref. 3; CAC88866). 
STRAND   41    51  11      
HELIX   57    59  3      
HELIX   67    80  14      
STRAND   84    90  7      
HELIX   93   105  13      
STRAND   111   120  10      
STRAND   126   129  4      
STRAND   132   135  4      
HELIX   136   141  6      
TURN   145   147  3      
HELIX   149   151  3      
STRAND   156   162  7      
STRAND   165   167  3      
TURN   189   192  4      
STRAND   193   199  7      
STRAND   206   208  3      
TURN   209   211  3      
HELIX   214   226  13      
TURN   227   229  3      
HELIX   232   246  15      
HELIX   254   256  3      
STRAND   264   267  4      
STRAND   270   272  3      
STRAND   275   277  3      
Sequence information
Length: 277 AA [This is the length of the unprocessed precursor] Molecular weight: 31608 Da [This is the MW of the unprocessed precursor] CRC64: 2F35CD3BCF7FF64A [This is a checksum on the sequence]
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MENTENSVDS KSIKNLEPKI IHGSESMDSG ISLDNSYKMD YPEMGLCIII NNKNFHKSTG 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
MTSRSGTDVD AANLRETFRN LKYEVRNKND LTREEIVELM RDVSKEDHSK RSSFVCVLLS 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
HGEEGIIFGT NGPVDLKKIT NFFRGDRCRS LTGKPKLFII QACRGTELDC GIETDSGVDD 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
DMACHKIPVE ADFLYAYSTA PGYYSWRNSK DGSWFIQSLC AMLKQYADKL EFMHILTRVN 

       250        260        270 
RKVATEFESF SFDATFHAKK QIPCIVSMLT KELYFYH 

P42574 in FASTA format

View entry in original UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot format
View entry in raw text format (no links)
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